Newburgh City School District is located at 124 Grand Street Newburgh, NY and it serves grades PK-12 in Orange County. The District includes nine elementary magnet schools grades K-6, three junior high schools grades 7-9, and one high school grades 10-12. In the 2008-09 school years, the District will begin the process of changing its grade configuration to a grades 9-12 high school with grades 7-8 middle schools and two K-8 schools. According to the district's master plan, the eventual configuration will be grades K-4 and K-8 schools, grades 5-8 middle schools, and the grades 9-12 high school. In addition, the district has two pre-kindergarten centers. The staff includes 1,183 teachers, 176 teaching assistants, and 73 administrators.

The Newburgh City School District serves students from four neighboring municipalities: the City of Newburgh, the Town of Newburgh, New Windsor, and a small portion of Cornwall. Two of the elementary schools, two of the junior high schools, the high school, and the pre-K centers are in the City of Newburgh. More than 50% of the District's students live in the City of Newburgh. All children within the District are provided bus transportation to their schools.

In 1963 the voters agreed to consolidate the schools in the Town of Newburgh and New Windsor with those in the city of Newburgh into one school district. This vote created the Enlarged Newburgh City School District. In 1970 two new schools were opened due to increased population in the Towns of Newburgh and New Windsor. One school, built in the Town of Newburgh, was called Meadow Hill School; the other, called Temple Hill School was built in New Windsor. In the 1980s additions to Vails Gate, Fostertown, Gadnertown, and Gidney Avenue Schools were built. The two junior high schools were expanded. In the mid-90s a third junior high school, called Heritage Junior High, was built from the former Epiphany Seminary building in New Windsor.